John Ernst Steinbeck Jr. (1902-1968) was an American writer. He wrote the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel, The Grapes of Wrath, published in 1939, and the novella, Of Mice and Men, published in 1937. In all, he wrote twenty-five books, including sixteen novels, six non-fiction books and several collections of short stories.
In 1962, Steinbeck received the Nobel Prize for Literature.
Steinbeck grew up in the Salinas Valley region of California, a culturally diverse place of rich migratory and immigrant history. This upbringing imparted a regionalistic flavor to his writing, giving many of his works a distinct sense of place.
Steinbeck moved briefly to New York City, but soon returned home to California to begin his career as a writer. Most of his earlier work dealt with subjects familiar to him from his formative years. An exception was his first novel Cup of Gold which concerns the pirate Henry Morgan, whose adventures had captured Steinbeck's imagination as a child.
In his subsequent novels, Steinbeck found a more authentic voice by drawing upon direct memories of his life in California. Later, he used real historical conditions and events in the first half of 20th century America, which he had experienced first-hand as a reporter.
Steinbeck often populated his stories with struggling characters; his works examined the lives of the working class and migrant workers during the Dust Bowl and the Great Depression. His later body of work reflected his wide range of interests, including marine biology, politics, religion, history, and mythology.
One of his last published works was Travels with Charley, a travelogue of a road trip he took in 1960 to rediscover America. He died in 1968 in New York of a heart attack, and his ashes are interred in Salinas.
Seventeen of his works, including The Grapes of Wrath (1940), Cannery Row (1945), The Pearl (1947), and East of Eden (1952), went on to become Hollywood films, and Steinbeck also achieved success as a Hollywood writer, receiving an Academy Award nomination for Best Story in 1944 for Alfred Hitchcock's Lifeboat.
“ليس هنالك من خطيئة,وليس هنالك من فضيلة..هناك أمور يفعلها البشر.”
“_تذكر أن أجمل الأشياء في العالم هي أقلها نَفعاً, الطواويس والزنابق نموذجاً.”
“ذا كنت في مُشكلة,أو في ألم أو حاجة إذهب إلى الفُقراء.وحدهم من يقدم العون__وحدهم__.”
“الإشتراكية لم تحظى أبداً بجذور في أمريكا لأن الفقراء لا يرون أنفسهم كبروليتاريا مُستغلة,بل كمليونيرات خجولة مؤقتاً.”
“_سوفَ أنتقم من نفسي بأقسى طريقة يمكنك تخيلها..سوف أنساها.!.”
“لطالما بدا غريباً بالنسبة لي..أن الأشياء التي تُعجبنا في الرجال,الطيبة والعبقرية,الرحابة,الصدق,الفهم والمشاعر,هي مُتتاليات من الفشل في نظامنا الخاص. وتلك الصفات التي نَمقُتها,الحِدة,الطمع,الإنتهازية,الخِسة,الأنانية والغرور,هي خصائص النجاح.وبينما يعجبون بجودة الأولى يحبون مُنتجات التالية.”
“_أظن أنه لا توجد أبداً كُتب كافية”
“أعتقد بأن الحب لا يمكن شراؤه إلا بالحب.”
“لا احد يستطيع أن يعرف بالضبط أين الحقيقة و أين الخيال في حياتي أو في أية حياة أخرى، ولا احد يعرف أين الذي صنعته انأ و أين الذي صنعته الظروف، و أين الذي بقلمي و أين الذي بألمي و آلام الآخرين.”