Abraham Flexner photo

Abraham Flexner

Critical report of American educator Abraham Flexner on American and Canadian medical schools in 1910 resulted in a sweeping reform.

People best know his role in the 20th century of higher education in the United States.

After founding and directing a college-preparatory school in his hometown, Flexner in 1908 published a critical assessment of the state of the American educational system, titled

The American College: A Criticism

. His work attracted the Carnegie foundation to commission an evaluation in depth into 155 colleges and universities across the United States and Canada. His resultant self-titled

Flexner Report

, published in 1910, sparked reform in the United States. Flexner also founded the institute for advanced study, which in Princeton brought together some of the greatest minds in history to collaborate on intellectual discovery and research.


“Nations have recently been led to borrow billions for war; no nation has ever borrowed largely for education. Probably, no nation is rich enough to pay for both war and civilization. We must make our choice; we cannot have both.”
Abraham Flexner
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“Probably, no nation is rich enough to pay for both war and civilization. We must make our choice; we cannot have both.”
Abraham Flexner
Read more