Abraham Alfonse Albert Gallatin was a politician, diplomat, ethnologist and linguist. As an influential leader in Jefferson's Democratic-Republican Party, he served in both houses of Congress representing the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania before serving as Treasury Secretary under both Presidents Jefferson and Madison, Minister to France under Madison and Monroe, and Minister to the U.K. under Adams until 1827. He later helped to found New York University in 1831, and the American Ethnological Society in 1842.