Azar Nafisi

“It is only through literature that one can put oneself in someone else’s shoes and understand the other’s different and contradictory sides and refrain from becoming too ruthless. Outside the sphere of literature only one aspect of individuals is revealed. But if you understand their different dimensions you cannot easily murder them. . .”

“The worst crime committed by totalitarian mind-sets is that they force their citizens, including their victims, to become complicit in their crimes. Dancing with your jailer, participating in your own execution, that is an act of utmost brutality.”

“Every fairy tale offers the potential to surpass present limits, so in a sense the fairy tale offers you freedoms that reality denies.”

“With fear come the lies and the justifications that, no matter how convincing, lower our self-esteem.”

“She was one of those people who are irrevocably, incurably honest and therefore both inflexible and vulnerable at the same time.”

“A great novel heightens your senses and sensitivity to the complexities of life and of individuals, and prevents you from the self-righteousness that sees morality in fixed formulas about good and evil.”

“Empathy lies at the heart of Gatsby, like so many other great novels--the biggest sin is to be blind to others' problems and pains. Not seeing them means denying their existence.”

“More than anything else, I miss the hope. In jail, we we had the hope that we might get out, go to college, have fun, go to the movies. I am twenty-seven. I don't know what it means to love. I don't want to be secret and hidden forever. I want to know, to know who this Nassrin is.You'd call it the ordeal of freedom, I guess.”

“Living in the Islamic Republic is like having sex with someone you loathe.”

“Dicono che il privato è politico; non è vero, naturalmente. Anzi, al centro della lotta per i diritti politici c'è proprio il desiderio di proteggere noi stessi, di impedire al politico di intromettersi nella vita privata. Pubblico e privato sono legati da un rapporto di interdipendenza, ma ciò non significa che siano la stessa cosa. Il regno dell'immaginazione è come un ponte che li modifica di continuo l'uno rispetto all'altro. Il re filosofo di Platone lo sapeva, e così il nostro censore cieco; non c'è quindi da stupirsi che il primo obiettivo della Repubblica Islamica fosse quello di eliminare il confine tra i due ambiti, finendo per distruggerli entrambi.”

“Chi sa ballare alla persiana?” domando. Tutte si voltano a guardare Sanaz. Lei si schermisce, fa di no con la tessta. Cominciamo ad insistere, a incoraggiarla, formiamo un cerchio intorno a lei. Quando inizia a ballare, piuttosto a disagio, battiamo le mani e ci mettiamo a canticchiare. Nassrin ci chiede di fare più piano. Sanaz riprende, quasi vergognandosi, a piccoli passi, muovendo il bacino con grazia sensuale. Continuiamo a ridere e a scherzare, e lei si fa più ardita; muove la testa a destra e sinistra, e ogni parte del suo corpo vibra; balla anche con le dita e le mani. Sul suo volto compare un'espressione particolare, spavalda, ammicante, che attrae, cattura, e al tempo stesso sfugge e si nasconde. Appena smette di ballare, tuttavia, il suo potere svanisce.Esistono varie forme di seduzione, ma quella che emana dalle danze tradizionali persiane è unica, una miscela di impudenza e sottigliezza di cui non mi pare esistano eguali nel mondo occidentale. Ho visto donne di ogni estrazione sociale assumere lo stesso sguardo di Sanaz, sornione, seducente e l'ho ritrovato anni dopo sul viso di Leyly, una mia amica molto sofisticata che aveva studiato in Francia, vedendola ballare al ritmo di una musica piena di parole come naz e eshveh e kereshmeh, che potremmo tradurre con “malizia”, “provocazione”, “civetteria”, senza però riuscire a rendere l'idea.QUesto tipo di seduzione è al tempo stesso elusiva, vigorosa e tangibile. Il corpo si contorce, ruota su se stesso, si annoda e si snoda. Le mani si aprono e si chiudono, i fianchi sembrano avvitarsi e poi sciogliersi. Ed è tutto calcolato: ogni passo ha il suo effetto, e così il successivo. È un ballo che seduce in un modo che Daisy Miller non si sognava neanche. È sfacciato, ma tutt'altro che arrendevole. Ed è tutto nei gesti di Sanaz. La veste nera e il velo - che ne incorniciano il volto scavato, gli occhi grandi e il corpo snello e fragile - conferiscono uno strano fascino ai suoi movimenti. Con ogni mossa, Sanaz sembra liberarsene: la vesta diventa sempre più leggera, e aggiunge mistero all'enigma della danza.”

“Adesso che non potevo più pensare a me come a un'insegnante, una scrittrice, che non potevo più indossare quello che volevo, né camminare per strada al mio passo, gridare se mi andava di farlo o dare una pacca sulla spalla a un collega maschio, adesso che tutto ciò era diventato illegale, mi sentivo evanescente, artificiale, un personaggio immaginario scaturito dalla matita di un disegnatore che una gomma qualsiasi sarebbe bastata a cancellare”

“Quel giorno avevo una sensazione struggente, come di un lutto anticipato. Ciò che avevo di più caro era stato schiacciato come un prato di fiori di campo, raso al suolo per fare posto a un giardino ben curato. Neppure quando studiavo negli Stati Uniti avevo mai provato nulla del genere. In tutti quegli anni mi ero tenuta saldamente aggrappata alla certezza che la mia casa, il mio paese mi appartanevano, e potevo tornarci ogni volta che volevo. E fu solo quando infine vi feci ritorno che compresi il vero significato dell'esilio. Camminando per quelle strade che amavo e ricordavo con tanto affetto, era come se stessi calpestando i miei ricordi.”

“I searched modern fiction and poetry for clues to how we confronted and evaded reality, how we articulated our experience and turned to language not to revel ourselves but to hide. I was as sure then as I am now that by looking at contemporary Iranian fiction I could gain access to a real understanding of political and social events. (p289)”

“The revolution taught me not to be consoled by other people's miseries, not to feel thankful because so many others had suffered more. Pain and loss, like love and joy, are unique and personal; they cannot be modified by comparison to others. ”

“Un romanzo non è un'allegoria” dissi verso la fine della lezione “È l'esperienza sensoriale di un altro mondo. Se non entrate in quel mondo, se non trattenete il respiro insieme ai personaggi, se non vi lasciate coinvolgere nel loro destino, non arriverete mai a indentificarvi con loro, non arriverete mai al cuore del libro. È così che si legge un romanzo: come se fosse qualcosa da inalare, da tenere nei polmoni. Dunque, cominciate a respirare. Ricordate solo questo. È tutto; potete andare.”

“Imagine you are walking down a leafy path…The sun is receding, and you are walking alone, caressed by the breezy light of the late afternoon. Then suddenly, you feel a large drop on your right arm. Is it raining? You look up. The sky is still deceptively sunny…seconds later another drop. Then, with the sun still perched in the sky, you are drenched in a shower of rain. This is how memories invade me, abruptly and unexpectedly…”

“It was one of those rare nights when I was kept awake not by my nightmares and anxieties but by something exciting and exhilarating. Most nights I lay awake waiting for some unexpected disaster…I think I somehow felt that as long as I was conscious, nothing bad could happen…”

“One cancels the other, and yet without one, the other is incomplete. In the first photograph, standing there in our black robes and scarves, we are as we had been shaped by someone else’s dreams. In the second, we appear as we imagined ourselves. In neither could we feel completely at home.”

“Once evil is individualized, becoming part of everyday life, the way of resisting it also becomes individual. How does the soul survive? is the essential question. And the response is: through love and imagination.”

“I have a recurring fantasy that one more article has been added to the Bill of Rights: the right to free access to imagination. I have come to believe that genuine democracy cannot exist without the freedom to imagine and the right to use imaginative works without any restrictions. To have a whole life, one must have the possibility of publicly shaping and expressing private worlds, dreams, thoughts and desires, of constantly having access to a dialogue between the public and private worlds. How else do we know that we have existed, felt, desired, hated, feared?”

“It wasn't courage that motivated this casual, impersonal manner of treating so much pain; it was a special brand of cowardice, a destructive defense mechanism, forcing others to listen to the most horrendous experiences and yet denying them the moment of empathy: don't feel sorry for me; nothing is too big for me to handle. This is nothing, nothing really.”

“Going away isn't going to help as much as you think. The memory stays with you, and the stain. It's not something you slough off once you leave.”

“Memories have ways of becoming independent of the reality they evoke. They can soften us against those we were deeply hurt by or they can make us resent those we once accepted and loved unconditionally.”

“i could have told him to learn from Gatsby. from the lonely, isolated Gatsby, who also tried to retrieve his past and give flash and blood to a fancy, a dream that was never meant to be more than a dream.”

“those who judge must take all aspects of an individual's personality into account.”

“I no longer believe that we can keep silent. We never really do, mind you. In one way or another we articulate what has happened to us through the kind of people we become.”

“When I walked down the streets, I asked myself, are these my people?, is this my hometown, am I who I am?”

“I am suddenly left alone again on the sunny path, with a memory of the rain.”

“The novels were an escape from reality in the sense that we could marvel at their beauty and perfection. Curiously, the novels we escaped into led us finally to question and prod our own realities, about which we felt so helplessly speechless.”

“Poshlust, Nabokov explains, "is not only the obviously trashy but mainly the falsely important, the falsely beautiful, the falsely clever, the falsely attractive.”

“There was something, both in fiction and in his life (Nabokov), that we instinctively related to and grasped, the possibility of a boundless freedom when all options are taken away.I could invent violin or be devoured by the void.”

“Reality has become so intolerable, she said, so bleak, that all I can paint now are the colors of my dreams.”

“Most great works of the imagination were meant to make you feel like a stranger in your own home. The best fiction always forced us to question what we took for granted. It questioned traditions and expectations when they seemed to immutable.”

“We speak of facts, yet facts exist only partially to us if they are not repeated and re-created through emotions, thoughts and feelings. To me it seemed as if we had not really existed, or only half existed, because we could not imaginatively realize ourselves and communicate to the world, because we had used works of imagination to serve as handmaidens to some political ploy.”

“I wish wish I could steal the intricacies of language. But give my kids a break—remember, most of them were fed on Steinbeck’s The Pearl. ”

“We all had to pay, but not for the crimes we were accused of. There were other scores to settle.”

“There is little consolation in the fact that millions of people are unhappier than we are. Why should other people's misery make us happier or more content?”

“Such an act [testifying for an accused prison guard of the Shah's regime] can only be accomplished by someone who is engrossed in literature, has learned that every individual has different dimensions to his personality.... Those who judge must take all aspects of an individual's personality into account. It is only through literature that one can put oneself in someone else's shoes and understand the other's different and contradictory sides and refrain from becoming too ruthless. Outside the sphere of literature only one aspect of individuals is revealed. But if you understand their different dimensions you cannot easily murder them.... If we have learned this one lesson from Dr. A our society would have been in a much better shape today.”

“A novel is not an allegory.... It is the sensual experience of another world. If you don't enter that world, hold your breath with the characters and become involved in their destiny, you won't be able to empathize, and empathy is at the heart of the novel. This is how you read a novel: you inhale the experience. So start breathing.”

“Do not, under any circumstances, belittle a work of fiction by trying to turn it into a carbon copy of real life; what we search for in fiction is not so much reality but the epiphany of truth.”

“You don't read Gatsby, I said, to learn whether adultery is good or bad but to learn about how complicated issues such as adultery and fidelity and marriage are. A great novel heightens your senses and sensitivity to the complexities of life and of individuals, and prevents you from the self-righteousness that sees morality in fixed formulas about good and evil.”

“You get a strange feeling when you're about to leave a place, I told him, like you'll not only miss the people you love but you'll miss the person you are now at this time and this place, because you'll never be this way ever again.”

“I told them this novel was an American classic, in many ways the quintessential American novel. There were other contenders: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Moby-Dick, The Scarlet Letter. Some cite its subject matter, the American Dream, to justify this distinction. We in ancient countries have our past--we obsess over the past. They, the Americans, have a dream: they feel nostalgia about the promise of the future.”