Benito Mussolini
From 1922, Fascist dictator and prime minister Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini, known as "il Duce," conducted an expansionist foreign policy, formalized an alliance with Germany in 1939, and brought Italy into World War II in 1940; Victor Emmanuel III in 1943 dismissed him, who led a puppet government of Nazis in north until 1945, when people assassinated him.
Victor Emmanuel III appointed him as prime minister in 1922.
Mussolini outlawed the Communist party of Italy of Antonio Gramsci.
Mussolini, originally a socialist and a journalist, worked at Avanti!, the newspaper. In 1912, he joined as a member of the national directorate of the Socialist party, which nevertheless expelled him for advocating military intervention in opposition to the stance on neutrality. In 1914, Mussolini founded Il Popolo d'Italia, a new journal, and served in the royal Army until someone wounded him, and the Army discharged him in 1917.
This journalist founded the national party. The establishment of the combat in 1919 and the march on Rome in 1922 continued.
Mussolini denounced the socialist party, his views then centered on nationalism instead, and he later founded the movement, which came to oppose egalitarianism and class conflict and to advocate "revolutionary nationalism," transcending class lines. Following the march on Rome of 28–30 October 1922, the king appointed Mussolini, the youngest individual to hold the office to that time on 31 October. After removing all opposition through his secret police and outlawing labor strikes, Mussolini and his followers consolidated power through a series of laws that transformed the nation into one party. Within five years, Mussolini via illegal means established authority and aspired to create a totalitarian state.
As principal founder, Mussolini inspired and supported the international spread of movements during the intervening period.
In 1929, Mussolini signed the Lateran treaty with the Holy See to establish Vatican City.
Mussolini aimed colonial possessions and the sphere of influence to restore the ancient grandeur of the Roman Empire. Between 1936 and 1939, Mussolini ordered the successful civil military intervention in Spain in favor of Francisco Franco. Mussolini initially tried to avoid the global outbreak and sent troops at the Brenner Pass to delay Anschluss and took part in the Stresa front, the Lytton report, the treaty of Lausanne, the four-power pact and the Munich agreement.
On 10 June 1940, Mussolini decided to enter on the side of the Axis. Despite initial success, the subsequent Axis collapse on multiple fronts and eventual Allied invasion of Sicily made Mussolini lose the support of the population and members of the Fascist party.
As a consequence, early on 25 July 1943, the grand council of Fascism passed a motion of no confidence in Mussolini as head and; later in that day, the king placed him in custody and appointed Pietro Badoglio to succeed him. After the king agreed to an armistice with the Allies, Otto-Harald Mors, major, paratroopers, and commandos of Waffen-Schutzstaffel on 12 September 1943 from captivity rescued Mussolini in the raid of gran Sasso. Adolf Hitler met with the rescued former Mussolini and afterward then put him in charge of a social regime, informally the Salò republic, to cause civil unrest.
In the wake of near total defeat, Mussolini and Claretta Petacci, his mistress, in late April 1945 attempted to flee to Switzerland, but Communist partisans captured them, and firing squad summarily executed both on 28 April 1945 near Lake Como. People took the bodies of Mussolini and his mistress to Milan and hung them upside at a service station to publicly confirm their demise.
“The history of saints is mainly the history of insane people." -Benito Mussolini (Chuck Palahniuk - Pygmy)”
“A nation of spaghetti eaters cannot restore Roman civilization!”
“Fascist education is moral, physical, social, and military: it aims to create a complete and harmoniously developed human, a fascist one according to our views.”
“It is the State which educates its citizens in civic virtue, gives them a consciousness of their mission and welds them into unity.”
“Let us have a dagger between our teeth, a bomb in our hand, and an infinite scorn in our hearts.”
“English to Italian translationIl fascismo, più che ritiene e osserva il futuro e lo sviluppo dell'umanità, a prescindere da considerazioni politiche del momento, non crede né alla possibilità né all'utilità della pace perpetua. which means Fascism, the more it considers and observes the future and the development of humanity, quite apart from political considerations of the moment, believes neither in the possibility nor the utility of perpetual peace.”
“Socialism is a fraud, a comedy, a phantom, a blackmail.”
“If relativism signifies contempt for fixed categories and those who claim to be the bearers of objective immortal truth, then there is nothing more relativistic than Fascist attitudes and activity. From the fact that all ideologies are of equal value, we Fascists conclude that we have the right to create our own ideology and to enforce it with all the energy of which we are capable.”
“We have buried the putrid corpse of liberty”
“Fascism should more appropriately be called Corporatism because it is a merger of state and corporate power”
“We become strongest, I feel, when we have no friends upon whom to lean, or to look for moral gudance”
“Every anarchist is a baffled dictator.”
“The definition of fascism is The marriage of corporation and state ”
“State ownership! It leads only to absurd and monstrous conclusions; state ownership means state monopoly, concentrated in the hands of one party and its adherents, and that state brings only ruin and bankruptcy to all.”
“I do not intend to defend capitalism or capitalists. They, like everything human, have their defects. I only say their possibilities of usefulness are not ended.Capitalism has borne the monstrous burden of the war and today still has the strength to shoulder the burdens of peace. ... It is not simply and solely an accumulation of wealth, it is an elaboration, a selection, a co-ordination of values which is the work of centuries. ... Many think, and I myself am one of them, that capitalism is scarcely at the beginning of its story.”
“It is better to live one day as a lion than 100 years as a sheep.”