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Carlos Fuentes

Carlos Fuentes Macías was a Mexican writer and one of the best-known novelists and essayists of the 20th century in the Spanish-speaking world. Fuentes influenced contemporary Latin American literature, and his works have been widely translated into English and other languages.

Fuentes was born in Panama City, Panama; his parents were Mexican. Due to his father being a diplomat, during his childhood he lived in Montevideo, Rio de Janeiro, Washington, Santiago, and Buenos Aires. In his adolescence, he returned to Mexico, where he lived until 1965. He was married to film star Rita Macedo from 1959 till 1973, although he was an habitual philanderer and allegedly, his affairs - which he claimed include film actresses such as Jeanne Moreau and Jean Seberg - brought her to despair. The couple ended their relationship amid scandal when Fuentes eloped with a very pregnant and then-unknown journalist named Silvia Lemus. They were eventually married.

Following in the footsteps of his parents, he also became a diplomat in 1965 and served in London, Paris (as ambassador), and other capitals. In 1978 he resigned as ambassador to France in protest over the appointment of Gustavo Diaz Ordaz, former president of Mexico, as ambassador to Spain. He also taught courses at Brown, Princeton, Harvard, Penn, George Mason, Columbia and Cambridge.

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کارلوس فوئنتس در ۱۱ نوامبر ۱۹۲۸ در پاناماسیتی به دنیا آمد. مادرش برتا ماسیاس ریواس و پدرش رافائل فوئنتس بوئه‌تیگر است. پدر وی از دیپلمات‌های مشهور مکزیک است. وی سفیر مکزیک در هلند، پاناما، پرتغال و ایتالیا بود.

دوران کودکی‌اش در واشنتگتن دی.سی. و سانتیاگوی شیلی گذشت. فوئنتس در دانشگاه مکزیک و ژنو در رشتهٔ حقوق تحصیل کرد. او به زبان‌های انگلیسی و فرانسه تسلط کامل دارد.

آثار

* مرگ آرتمیوکروز، ۱۹۶۲

* آئورا، ۱۹۶۲

* زمین ما،‌ ۱۹۷۵

* گرینگوی پیر، ۱۹۸۵

* ملکهٔ عروسک‌ها

* آسوده خاصر، ترجمهٔ محمدامین لاهیجی.

* مرگ آرتمیو کروز، ترجمهٔ مهدی سحابی.

* آئورا، ترجمهٔ عبدالله کوثری.

* سرهیدا.

* خودم با دیگران (به تازگی با نام از چشم فوئنتس) ترجمهٔ عبدالله کوثری.

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Carlos Fuentes Macías fue un escritor mexicano y uno de los novelistas y ensayistas más conocidos en el mundo de habla española. Fuentes influyó en la literatura contemporánea de América Latina, y sus obras han sido ampliamente traducidas al inglés y otros idiomas.

Fuentes nació en la ciudad de Panamá, Panamá, sus padres eran mexicanos. Debido a su padre era un diplomático, durante su infancia vivió en Montevideo, Río de Janeiro, Washington, Santiago y Buenos Aires. En su adolescencia regresó a México, donde vivió hasta 1965. Estuvo casado con la estrella de cine Rita Macedo de 1959 hasta 1973, aunque era un mujeriego habitual y, al parecer, sus asuntos - que se ha cobrado incluyen actrices como Jeanne Moreau y Jean Seberg, su llevados a la desesperación. La pareja terminó su relación en medio del escándalo, cuando Fuentes se fugó con un periodista muy embarazada y entonces desconocido de nombre Silvia Lemus. Se casaron finalmente.

Siguiendo los pasos de sus padres, también se convirtió en un diplomático en 1965 y sirvió en Londres, París (como embajador), y otras capitales. En 1978 renunció al cargo de embajador en Francia en protesta por el nombramiento de Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, ex presidente de México, como embajador en España.


“Powiedział, że Hiszpania dla Hiszpanów jest tym, czym Meksyk dla Meksykanów - bolesną obsesją. Dla nich Ojczyzna nie jest, jak dla Amerykanów, hymnem optymizmu ani, jak dla Anglików, flegmatycznym żartem, ani też, jak dla Rosjan, sentymentalnym szaleństwem, lub, jak dla Francuzów, racjonalną ironią, czy - jak dla Niemców - agresywnym rozkazem, ale konfliktem dwóch połówek, dwóch przeciwstawnych części, dzieleniem duszy na kawałki, Hiszpania, Meksyk, kraje słońca i cienia.”
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“And don't give me the same old story:"We're in Mexico. Pray."You'd be better off taking a snake rattle.”
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“Writing is a struggle against silence.”
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“I don't think any good book is based on factual experience. Bad books are about things the writer already knew before he wrote them. ”
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“Yo no soy mexicano. Yo no soy gringo. Yo no soy chicano. No soy gringo en USA y mexicano en Mexico. Soy chicano en todas partes. No tengo que asimilarme a nada. Tengo mi propia historia.”
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“One wants to tell a story, like Scheherezade, in order not to die. It's one of the oldest urges in mankind. It's a way of stalling death.”
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“The great wheel of fire of ancient wisdom, silence and word engendering the myth of the origin, human action engendering the epic voyage toward the other; historical violence revealing the tragic flaw of the hero who must then return to the land of origin; myth of death and renewal and silence from which new words and images will arise, keeps on turning in spite of the blindness of purely lineal thought.”
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“The novel is the privileged vehicle of two ways of being: narrative and freedom: to be new (novel) in a speech open to all, and to be free in a speech that never concludes.”
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“The contract between the author and the reader is a game. And the game . . . is one of the greatest invetions of Western civilization: the game of telling stories, inventing characters, and creating the imaginary paradise of the individual, from whence no one can be expelled because, in a novel, no one owns the truth and everyone has the right to be heard and understood.”
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“Robinson Crusoe, the first capitalist hero, is a self-made man who accepts objective reality and then fashions it to his needs through the work ethic, common sense, resilience, technology, and, if need be, racism and imperialism.”
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“There is no creation without tradition; the 'new' is an inflection on a preceding form; novelty is always a variation on the past.”
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“Culture consists of connections, not of separations: to specialize is to isolate.”
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“Language is always the companion of Empire and Empire . . . is one Monarch and one Sword.”
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“Nor is the limitation of what is sayable a limit to the doable: this last is the possibility of literature.”
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“The logic of the symbol does not express the experiment; it is the experiment. Language is the phenomenon, and the observation of the phenomenon changes its nature.”
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“chaos: it has no plural.”
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“I live through risk. Without risk there is no art. You should always be on the edge of a cliff about to fall downand break your neck.”
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“...desventurado país que a cada generación tiene que destruir a los antiguos poseedores y sustuirlos por nuevos amos, tan rapaces y ambiciosos como los anteriores. ”
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“Incredible the animal that first dreamed of another animal.”
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“I need, therefore I imagine.”
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“Memory is satisfied desire.”
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“Don't classify me, read me. I'm a writer, not a genre.”
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“You start by writing to live. You end by writing so as not to die.”
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