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C.G. Jung

Carl Gustav Jung (/jʊŋ/; German: [ˈkarl ˈɡʊstaf jʊŋ]), often referred to as C. G. Jung, was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychotherapist who founded analytical psychology. Jung proposed and developed the concepts of extraversion and introversion; archetypes, and the collective unconscious. His work has been influential in psychiatry and in the study of religion, philosophy, archeology, anthropology, literature, and related fields. He was a prolific writer, many of whose works were not published until after his death.

The central concept of analytical psychology is individuation—the psychological process of integrating the opposites, including the conscious with the unconscious, while still maintaining their relative autonomy. Jung considered individuation to be the central process of human development.

Jung created some of the best known psychological concepts, including the archetype, the collective unconscious, the complex, and synchronicity. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), a popular psychometric instrument, has been developed from Jung's theory of psychological types.

Though he was a practising clinician and considered himself to be a scientist, much of his life's work was spent exploring tangential areas such as Eastern and Western philosophy, alchemy, astrology, and sociology, as well as literature and the arts. Jung's interest in philosophy and the occult led many to view him as a mystic, although his ambition was to be seen as a man of science. His influence on popular psychology, the "psychologization of religion", spirituality and the New Age movement has been immense.


“Is it worth the lion's while to terrify the mouse?”
C.G. Jung
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“If it be true that there can be no metaphysics transcending human reason, it is no less true that there can be no empirical knowledge that is not already caught and limited by the a priori structure of cognition.”
C.G. Jung
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“Loneliness does not come from having no people around you, but from being unable to communicate the things that seem important to you.”
C.G. Jung
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“The book [Joyce's "Ulysses"] can just as well be read backwards, for it has no back and no front, no top and no bottom. Everything could easily have happened before, or might have happened afterwards. You can read any of the conversations just as pleasurably backwards, for you don't miss the point of the gags. Every sentence is a gag, but taken together they make no point. You can also stop in the middle of a sentence--the first half still makes sense enough to live by itself, or at least seems to. The whole work has the character of a worm cut in half, that can grow a new head or a new tail as required.”
C.G. Jung
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“It [Joyce's "Ulysses"] plays on the reader's sympathies to his own undoing unless sleep kindly intervenes and puts a stop to this drain of energy. Arrived at page 135, after making several heroic efforts to get at the book, to "do it justice", as the phrase goes, I fell at last into profound slumber.”
C.G. Jung
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“When the alchemist speaks of Mercurius, on the face of it he means quicksilver (mercury), but inwardly he means the world-creating spirit concealed or imprisoned in matter. The dragon is probably the oldest pictoral symbol in alchemy of which we have documentary evidence. It appears as the Ouroboros, the tail-eater, in the Codex Marcianus, which dates from the tenth or eleventh century, together with the legend ‘the One, the All’. Time and again the alchemists reiterate that the opus proceeds from the one and leads back to the one, that it is a sort of circle like a dragon biting its own tail. For this reason the opus was often called circulare (circular) or else rota (the wheel). Mercurius stands at the beginning and end of the work: he is the prima materia, the caput corvi, the nigredo; as dragon he devours himself and as dragon he dies, to rise again in the lapis. He is the play of colours in the cauda pavonis and the division into the four elements. He is the hermaphrodite that was in the beginning, that splits into the classical brother-sister duality and is reunited in the coniunctio, to appear once again at the end in the radiant form of the lumen novum, the stone. He is metallic yet liquid, matter yet spirit, cold yet fiery, poison and yet healing draught - a symbol uniting all the opposites.”
C.G. Jung
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“Not your thinking, but your being, is distinctiveness. Therefore not after difference,ye think it, must ye strive; but after YOUR OWN BEING. At bottom, therefore, there is only one striving, namely, the striving after your own being.”
C.G. Jung
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“Lo peor que le puede ocurrir a cualquiera es que se le comprenda por completo.”
C.G. Jung
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“Civilized life today demands concentrated, directed conscious functioning, and this entails the risk of a considerable dissociation from the unconscious. The further we are able to remove ourselves from the unconscious through directed functioning, the more readily a powerful counterposition can build up in the unconscious, and when this breaks out it may have disagreeable consequences.”
C.G. Jung
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“The real mystery does not behave mysteriously or secretively; it speaks a secret language, it adumbrates itself by a variety of images which all indicate its true nature. I am not speaking of a secret personally guarded by someone, with a content known to its possessor, but of a mystery, a matter or circumstance which is “secret,” i.e., known only through vague hints but essentially unknown. The real nature of matter was unknown to the alchemist: he knew it only in hints. In seeking to explore it he projected the unconscious into the darkness of matter in order to illuminate it. In order to explain the mystery of matter he projected yet another mystery - his own psychic background -into what was to be explained: Obscurum per obscurius, ignotum per ignotius! This procedure was not, of course, intentional; it was an involuntary occurrence.”
C.G. Jung
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“It is often tragic to see how blatantly a man bungles his own life and the lives of others yet remains totally incapable of seeing how much the whole tragedy originates in himself, and how he continually feeds it and keeps it going. Not consciously, of course—for consciously he is engaged in bewailing and cursing a faithless world that recedes further and further into the distance. Rather, it is an unconscious factor which spins the illusions that veil his world. And what is being spun is a cocoon, which in the end will completely envelop him.”
C.G. Jung
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“Resistance to the organized mass can be effected only by the man who is as well organized in his individuality as the mass itself.”
C.G. Jung
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“Magla oko nas je tako gusta i tako varljiva da smo morali da iznađemo egzaktne nauke da bi smo mogli da ugrabimo bar zračak takozvane "stvarne" prirode stvari.Sve što znamo svetu i šta neposredno dožovljavamo su sadržaji svesti,koji pritiču iz dalekih,tamnih izvora.Mi živimo neposredno samo u svetu slika.Prirodna nauka može se prizvati samo onda,ukoliko sadržaj pretenduje da bude iskaz o određenoj stvari koja se može sresti u spoljašnjem iskustvu.Nauka ne može dokazati niti opovrgnuti postojanje Boga,kritika saznanja dokazuje nemogućnost spoznaje Boga,međutim,duša odudara od svega svojim tvrđenjem o iskustvu Boga.Bog je psihička činjenica neposredne iskustvenosti.Kada ne bi bilo tako,o Bogu ne bi bilo ni reči.Stoga možemo biti sigurni da u ovakvom slučaju imamo posla sa određenim psihičkim kompleksom činjenica, koje su u ovom smislu isto tako realne kao i svetlost koju vidim.Činjenica je punovredna u samoj sebi tako da joj nije potreban bilo kakav nepsihološki dokaz a nepristupačna je svakom obliku nepsihološke kritike.Ona može biti najneposrednije iskustvo a time i nejrealnije iskustvo, koje se ne može ni ismejati niti dokazima osporiti.Samo ljudi sa nerazvijenim čulom za činjenice ili sujeverna zatucanost mogu se boriti protiv ove istine.”
C.G. Jung
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“Somewhere, right at the bottom of one’s own being, one generally does know where one should go and what one should do. But there are times when the clown we call “I” behaves in such a distracting fashion that the inner voice cannot make its presence felt.”
C.G. Jung
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“Thinking is difficult, that’s why most people judge.”
C.G. Jung
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“Be silent and listen: have you recognized your madness and do you admit it? Have you noticed that all your foundations are completely mired in madness? Do you not want to recognize your madness and welcome it in a friendly manner? You wanted to accept everything. So accept madness too. Let the light of your madness shine, and it will suddenly dawn on you. Madness is not to be despised and not to be feared, but instead you should give it life...If you want to find paths, you should also not spurn madness, since it makes up such a great part of your nature...Be glad that you can recognize it, for you will thus avoid becoming its victim. Madness is a special form of the spirit and clings to all teachings and philosophies, but even more to daily life, since life itself is full of craziness and at bottom utterly illogical. Man strives toward reason only so that he can make rules for himself. Life itself has no rules. That is its mystery and its unknown law. What you call knowledge is an attempt to impose something comprehensible on life.”
C.G. Jung
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“That which we do not bring to consciousness appears in our lives as fate”
C.G. Jung
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“The serious problems in life...are never fully solved. If ever they should appear to be so it is a sure sign that something has been lost. The meaning and purpose of a problem seem to lie not in its solution but in our working at it incessantly.”
C.G. Jung
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“We are always human and we should never forget the burden of being only human”
C.G. Jung
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“Popadłbym w znany błąd autobiografów, który polega na tym, że albo snują iluzje, jak to być powinno, albo kreślą jakąś apologia pro vita sua. A przecież człowiek jest zdarzeniem, nie może ocenić samego siebie, lecz raczej - for better or worse - podlega osądowi innych.”
C.G. Jung
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“Gdy umarła, jej krewni powiedzieli mi, że w ostatnich miesiącach jej życia charakter jakby od niej odpadał kawałek po kawałku, aż w końcu dziewczyna powróciła do stanu dwuletniego dziecka i tak zapadła w swój ostatni sen.”
C.G. Jung
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“Ciotka pałała świętym oburzeniem, jakby przegoniono ją przez instytut pornograficzny.Gdy umarła, jej krewni powiedzieli mi, że w ostatnich miesiącach jej życia charakter jakby od niej odpadał kawałek po kawałku, aż w końcu dziewczyna powróciła do stanu dwuletniego dziecka i tak zapadła w swój ostatni sen.Popadłbym w znany błąd autobiografów, który polega na tym, że albo snują iluzje, jak to być powinno, albo kreślą jakąś apologia pro vita sua. A przecież człowiek jest zdarzeniem, nie może ocenić samego siebie, lecz raczej - for better or worse - podlega osądowi innych.”
C.G. Jung
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“Good advice" is often a doubtful remedy, but generally not dangerous because it has so littleeffect......”
C.G. Jung
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“Everyone is in love with his own ideas”
C.G. Jung
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“Only what is really oneself has the power to heal.”
C.G. Jung
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“Man's task is to become conscious of the contents that press upward from the unconscious.”
C.G. Jung
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“My own understanding is the sole treasure I possess, and the greatest. Though infinitely small and fragile in comparison with the powers of darkness, it is still a light, my only light.”
C.G. Jung
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“But, if you have nothing at all to create, then perhaps you create yourself.”
C.G. Jung
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“The man who promises everything is sure to fulfil nothing, and everyone who promises too much is in danger of using evil means in order to carry out his promises, and is already on the road to perdition.”
C.G. Jung
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“Intuition (is) perception via the unconscious”
C.G. Jung
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“I could not say I believe. I know! I have had the experience of being gripped by something that is stronger than myself, something that people call God.”
C.G. Jung
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“The more one sees of human fate and the more one examines its secret springs of action, the more one is impressed by the strength of unconscious motives and by the limitations of free choice”
C.G. Jung
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“Man needs difficulties; they are necessary for health.”
C.G. Jung
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“The most intense conflicts, if overcome, leave behind a sense of security and calm that is not easily disturbed. It is just these intense conflicts and their conflagration which are needed to produce valuable and lasting results.”
C.G. Jung
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“A man who has not passed through the inferno of his passions has never overcome them.”
C.G. Jung
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“The greatest and most important problems of life are all fundamentally insoluble. They can never be solved but only outgrown.”
C.G. Jung
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“Knowledge rests not upon truth alone, but upon error also.”
C.G. Jung
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“In studying the history of the human mind one is impressed again and again by the fact that the growth of the mind is the widening of the range of consciousness, and that each step forward has been a most painful and laborious achievement. One could almost say that nothing is more hateful to man than to give up even a particle of his unconsciousness. Ask those who have tried to introduce a new idea!”
C.G. Jung
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“The healthy man does not torture others - generally it is the tortured who turn into torturers.Carl JungSwiss psychologist (1875 - 1961)”
C.G. Jung
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“For the alchemist the one primarily in need of redemption is not man, but the deity who is lost and sleeping in matter. Only as a secondary consideration does he hope that some benefit may accrue to himself from the transformed substance as the panacea, the medicina catholica, just as it may to the imperfect bodies, the base or "sick" metals, etc. His attention is not directed to his own salvation through God's grace, but to the liberation of God from the darkness of matter.”
C.G. Jung
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“It is under all circumstances an advantage to be in full possession of one's personality, otherwise the repressed elements will only crop up as a hindrance elsewhere, not just at some unimportant point, but at the very spot where we are most sensitive. If people can be educated to see the shadow-side of their nature clearly, it may be hoped that they will also learn to understand and love their fellow men better. A little less hypocrisy and a little more self-knowledge can only have good results in respect for our neighbor; for we are all too prone to transfer to our fellows the injustice and violence we inflict upon our own natures.”
C.G. Jung
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“Every individual needs revolution, inner division, overthrow of the existing order, and renewal, but not by forcing them upon his neighbors under the hypocritical cloak of Christian love or the sense of social responsibility or any of the other beautiful euphemisms for unconscious urges to personal power.”
C.G. Jung
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“Funnily enough, “self-criticism” is an idea much in vogue in Marxist countries, but there it is subordinated to ideological considerations and must serve the State, and not truth and justice in men’s dealing with one another. The mass State has no intention of promoting mutual understanding and the relationship of man to man; it strives, rather, for atomization, for the psychic isolation of the individual. The more unrelated individuals are, the more consolidated the State becomes, and vice versa.”
C.G. Jung
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“Naturally, society has an indisputable right to protect itself against arrant subjectivisms, but, in so far as society is itself composed of de-individualized human beings, it is completely at the mercy of ruthless individualists. Let it band together into groups and organizations as much as it likes – it is just this banding together and the resultant extinction of the individual personality that makes it succumb so readily to a dictator. A million zeros joined together do not, unfortunately, add up to one. Ultimately everything depends on the quality of the individual, but our fatally short-sighted age thinks only in terms of large numbers and mass organizations, though one would think that the world had seen more than enough of what a well-disciplined mob can do in the hand of a single madman.”
C.G. Jung
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“Happiness and contentment, equability of mind and meaningfulness of life – these can be experienced only by the individual and not by a State, which, on the one hand, is nothing but a convention agreed to by independent individuals, and on the other, continually threatens to paralyse and suppress the individual.”
C.G. Jung
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“Words like “Society” and “State” are so concretized that they are almost personified. In the opinion of the man in the street, the “State,” far more than any king in history, is the inexhaustible giver of all good; the “State” is invoked, made responsible, grumbled at, and so on and so forth. Society is elevated to the rank of a supreme ethical principle; indeed, it is even credited with positively creative capacities.”
C.G. Jung
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“Bass bands, flags, banners, parades, and monster demonstrations are no different in principle from ecclesiastical processions, cannonades, and fireworks to scare off demons. Only, the suggestive parade of State power engenders a collective feeling of security which, unlike religious demonstrations, give the individual no protection against his inner demonism. Hence he will cling all the more to the power of the State, i.e., to the mass, thus delivering himself up to it psychically as well as morally and putting the finishing touch to his social depotentiation. The State, like the Church, demands enthusiasm, self-sacrifice, and love, and if religion requires or presupposes the “fear of God,” then the dictator State takes good care to provide the necessary terror.”
C.G. Jung
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“The dictator State has one great advantage over bourgeois reason: along with the individual it swallows up his religious forces. The State takes the place of God; that is why, seen from this angle, the socialist dictatorships are religions and State slavery is a form of worship. But the religious function cannot be dislocated and falsified in this way without giving rise to secret doubts, which are immediately repressed so as to avoid conflict with the prevail trend towards mass-mindedness. […] The policy of the State is exalted to a creed, the leader or party boss becomes a demigod beyond good and evil, and his votaries are honoured as heroes, martyrs, apostles, missionaries. There is only one truth and beside it no other. It is sacrosanct and above criticism. Anyone who thinks differently is a heretic, who, as we know from history, is threatened with all manner of unpleasant things. Only the party boss, who holds the political power in his hands, can interpret the State doctrine authentically, and he does so just as suits him.”
C.G. Jung
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“This formulation will not please the mass man or the collective believer. For the former the policy of the State is the supreme principle of thought and action. Indeed, this was the purpose for which he was enlightened, and accordingly the mass man grants the individual a right to exist only in so far as he is a function of the State. The believer, on the other hand, while admitting that the State has a moral and factual claim on him, confesses to the belief that not only man but the State that rules him is subject to the overlordship of “God,” and that, in case of doubt, the supreme decision will be made by God and not by the State.”
C.G. Jung
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“Apart from the agglomeration of huge masses in which the individual disappears anyway, one of the chief factors responsible for psychological mass-mindedness is scientific rationalism, which robs the individual of his foundations and his dignity. As a social unit he has lost his individuality and become a mere abstract number in the bureau of statistics. He can only play the role of an interchangeable unit of infinitesimal importance. Looked at rationally and from outside, that is exactly what he is, and from this point of view it seems positively absurd to go on talking about the value or meaning of the individual.”
C.G. Jung
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