Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev

Russian chemist Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev first devised and published the periodic table of the elements in 1869.

(Russian: Дми́трий Ива́нович Менделе́ев)

This inventor formulated the law, created his own version, used it to correct the properties of some already discovered, and predicted the properties of those yet undiscovered.

He made other important contributions to. The Science historian Lev Chugaev characterized him as "a chemist of genius, first-class physicist, a fruitful researcher in the fields of hydrodynamics, meteorology, geology, certain branches of chemical technology (explosives, petroleum, and fuels, for example) and other disciplines adjacent to chemistry and physics, a thorough expert of chemical industry and industry in general, and an original thinker in the field of economy." Mendeleev and other persons in 1869 founded the Russian chemical society. He worked on the theory and practice of protectionist trade and on agriculture.

In an attempt at a conception of the aether, he put forward a hypothesis that two inert elements of lesser atomic weight than hydrogen existed. He proposed the lighter all-penetrating, all-pervasive gas and thought of the slightly heavier coronium.

He devoted much study and made important contributions to the determination of the nature of such indefinite compounds as solutions.

In another department of physical chemistry, he investigated the expansion of liquids with heat and devised a formula similar to law of Gay-Lussac of the uniformity of the expansion of gases and in 1861 defined the absolute boiling-point of a substance as the temperature of zero cohesion and zero heat of vaporization, at which the liquid changes to vapor, irrespective of the pressure and volume; this definition anticipated conception of Thomas Andrews of the critical temperature of gases.

People give him credit for the introduction of the metric system to the empire.

He invented pyrocollodion, a kind of smokeless powder, based on nitrocellulose. The Navy commissioned this work but adopted not its use. In 1892, Mendeleev organized its manufacture.

Mendeleev studied petroleum origin and concluded that abiogenic hydrocarbons form deep within the earth. He wrote: "The capital fact to note is that petroleum was born in the depths of the earth, and it is only there that we must seek its origin."

A number of places and objects are associated with the name and achievements of the scientist.

In Saint Petersburg, people gave his name to the national metrology institute, dealing with establishing and supporting national and worldwide standards for precise measurements. Next, a pictured monument consists of his sitting statue and a depiction of on the wall of the establishment.

In the twelve Collegia building, memorial museum apartment exists.

In Moscow, University of chemical technology.

People also named mendelevium, a synthetic chemical element, with the symbol Md (formerly Mv) and the atomic number 101. Bombarding einsteinium with alpha particles usually synthesizes this metallic radioactive transuranic element in the actinide series.

A large lunar impact crater, located on the far side of the Moon, as seen from the Earth, also bears the name of the scientist.

Since 1998, academy of sciences yearly awards golden medal (originally started by USSR Academy of Sciences in 1962) for achievements in science and technology.