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Socrates

470 BC-399 BC

Indefatigable search of Greek philosopher Socrates for ethical knowledge challenged conventional mores and led to his trial and execution on charges of impiety and corrupting the youth; although he wrote nothing, the dialogues of Plato, his greatest pupil, capture his method of question and answer.

People consider this inscrutable individual enigma in his lifetime of the handful who forever changed conception of thought. They vigorously dispute most of our second-hand information, but his mythic death at the hands of the democracy nevertheless founded the academic discipline, and he influenced in every age. Because they widely consider his paradigmatic life more generally, the admiration and emulation, normally reserved for Jesus or Buddha, founders of religious sects, strangely encumbered Socrates, who, convicted on irreverence toward the gods, tried so hard to make other persons to think on their own. Many other persons found him so certainly impressive despite his strange appearance, personality, behavior, and views.

People generally refer to the whole contested issue, the so thorny difficulty of distinguishing the historical person from his image in the authors of the texts and moreover scores of later interpreters, as the Socratic problem. Each age, each intellectual turn, produces an image of its own. No less true now that, “The ‘real’ Socrates we have not: what we have is a set of interpretations each of which represents a ‘theoretically possible’ Socrates,” as Cornelia de Vogel put. In fact, model of Gregory Vlastos, a new standard analytic paradigm for interpreting Socrates, held sway until the mid 1990s. Socrates, the figure, really fundamentally dominates any virtually any interpretation.


“My plainness of speech makes them hate me, and what is their hatred but a proof that I am speaking the truth.”
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“It is better to change an opinion than to persist in a wrong one.”
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“Remember that there is nothing stable in human affairs; therefore avoid undue elation in prosperity, or undue depression in adversity.”
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“I do believe that there are gods, and in a far higher sense than that in which any of my accusers believe in them.”
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“Do you feel no compunction, Socrates, at having followed a line of action which puts you in danger of the death penalty?'I might fairly reply to him, 'You are mistaken, my friend, if you think that a man who is worth anything ought to spend his time weighing up the prospects of life and death. He has only one thing to consider in performing any action--that is, whether he is acting rightly or wrongly, like a good man or a bad one.”
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“The true champion of justice, if he intends to survive even for a short time, must necessarily confine himself to private life and leave politics alone.”
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“Thus such another will not easily come to you, men, but if you believe me, you will spare me; but perhaps you might possibly be offended, like the sleeping who are awakened, striking me, believing Anytus, you might easily kill, then the rest of your lives you might continue sleeping, unless the god caring for you should send you another.”
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“Is there not one true coin for which all things ought to exchange?- and that is wisdom; and only in exchange for this, and in company with this, is anything truly bought or sold, whether courage, temperance or justice. And is not all true virtue the companion of wisdom, no matter what fears or pleasures or other similar goods or evils may or may not attend her? But the virtue which is made up of these goods, when they are severed from wisdom and exchanged with one another, is a shadow of virtue only, nor is there any freedom or health or truth in her; but in the true exchange there is a purging away of all these things, and temperance, and justice, and courage, and wisdom herself, are a purgation of them.”
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“The mind is everything; what you think you become”
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“I neither know nor think that I know”
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“I soon realized that poets do not compose their poems with knowledge, but by some inborn talent and by inspiration, like seers and prophets who also say many fine things without any understanding of what they say.”
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“No man has the right to be an amateur in the matter of physical training. It is a shame for a man to grow old without seeing the beauty and strength of which his body is capable.”
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“When you want wisdom and insight as badly as you want to breathe, it is then you shall have it.”
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“Man's greatest privilege is the discussion of virtue" Socrates in The Apology.”
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“And in knowing that you know nothing makes you the smartest of all.”
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“Wealth does not bring about excellence, but excellence makes wealth and everything else good for men, both individually and collectively.”
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“I know nothing except the fact of my ignorance.”
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“Neither in war nor yet at law ought any man to use every way of escaping death. For often in battle there is no doubt that if a man will throw away his arms, and fall on his knees before his pursuers, he may escape death; and in other dangers there are other ways of escaping death, if a man is willing to say and do anything. The difficulty, my friends, is not in avoiding death, but in avoiding unrighteousness; for that runs faster than death.”
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“Nobody is qualified to become a statesman who is entirely ignorant of the problem of wheat.”
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“I know I'm intelligent because I know that I know nothing.”
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“And so they grow richer and richer, and the more they think of making a fortune the less they think of virtue; for when riches and virtue are placed together in the scales of the balance, the one always rises as the other falls.”
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“I pity those reviewers above, and people like them, who ridicule authors like R.A. Boulay and other proponents of similar Ancient Astronaut theories, simply for putting forth so many interesting questions (because that's really what he often throughout openly admits is all he does does) in light of fascinating and thought-provoking references which are all from copious sources.Some people will perhaps only read the cover and introduction and dismiss it as soon as any little bit of information flies in the face of their beliefs or normalcy biases. Some of those people, I'm sure, are some of the ones who reviewed this book so negatively without any constructive criticism or plausible rebuttal. It's sad to see how programmed and indoctrinated the vast majority of humanity has become to the ills of dogma, indoctrination, unverified status quos and basic ignorance; not to mention the laziness and conformity that results in such acquiescence and lack of critical thinking or lack of information gathering to confirm or debunk something. Too many people just take what's spoon fed to them all their lives and settle for it unquestioningly. For those people I like to offer a great Einstein quote and one of my personal favorites and that is:"Condemnation without investigation is the highest form of ignorance"I found this book to be a very interesting gathering of information and collection of obscure and/or remote antiquated information, i.e. biblical, sacred, mythological and otherwise, that we were not exactly taught to us in bible school, or any other public school for that matter. And I am of the school of thought that has been so for intended purposes.The author clearly cites all his fascinating sources and cross-references them rather plausibly. He organizes the information in a sequential manner that piques ones interest even as he jumps from one set of information to the next. The information, although eclectic as it spans from different cultures and time periods, interestingly ties together in several respects and it is this synchronicity that makes the information all the more remarkable.For those of you who continue to seek truth and enlightenment because you understand that an open mind makes for and lifelong pursuit of such things I leave you with these Socrates quotes:"True wisdom comes to each of us when we realize how little we understand about life, ourselves, and the world around us.”
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“There is only one good, knowledge, and one evil, ignorance.”
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“Life contains but two tragedies. One is not to get your heart’s desire; the other is to get it.”
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“Are you not ashamed of caring so much for the making of money and for fame and prestige, when you neither think nor care about wisdom and truth and the improvement of your soul?”
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“One day, the old wise Socrates walks down the streets, when all of the sudden a man runs up to him "Socrates I have to tell you something about your friend who...""Hold up" Socrates interrupts him "About the story you're about to tell me, did you put it trough the three sieves?""Three sieves?" The man asks "What three sieves?""Let's try it" Socrates says."The first sieve is the one of truth, did you examine what you were about to tell me if it is true?" Socrates asks."Well no, I just overheard it" The man says."Ah, well then you have used the second sieve, the sieve of good?" Socrates asks "Is it something good what you're about to tell me?""Ehm no, on the contrary" the man answers."Hmmm" The wise man says "Let's use the third sieve then, is it necessary to tell me what you're so exited about?""No not necessary" the man says."Well" Socrates says with a smile "If the story you're about to tell me isn't true, good or necessary, just forget it and don't bother me with it.”
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“Beauty is a short-lived tyranny”
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“True wisdom comes to each of us when we realize how little we understand about life, ourselves, and the world around us.”
Socrates
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“As for me, all I know is that I know nothing.”
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“All I know is that I do not know anything”
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“Once made equal to man, woman becomes his superior.”
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“Would that the majority could inflict the greatest evils, for they would then be capable of the greatest good, and that would be fine, but now they cannot do either. They cannot make a man either wise or foolish, but they inflict things haphazardly.”
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“I desire only to know the truth, and to live as well as I can... And, to the utmost of my power, I exhort all other men to do the same... I exhort you also to take part in the great combat, which is the combat of life, and greater than every other earthly conflict.”
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“As for me, all I know is that I know nothing, for when I don't know what justice is, I'll hardly know whether it is a kind of virtue or not, or whether a person who has it is happy or unhappy.”
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“Is there anyone to whom you entrust a greater number of serious matters than your wife? And is there anyone with whom you have fewer conversations?”
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“An unconsidered life is not one worth living.”
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“Strong minds discuss ideas, average minds discuss events, weak minds discuss people.”
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“I thought that as I had failed in the contemplation of true existence, I ought to be careful that I did not lose the eye of my soul; as people may injure their bodily eye by observing and gazing on the sun during an eclipse, unless they take the precaution of looking at the image reflected in the water, or in some similar medium. ...I was afraid that my soul might be blinded altogether if I looked at things with my eyes or tried by the help of my senses to apprehend them. And I thought that I had better had recourse to ideas, and seek in them truth in existence. I dare to say that the simile is not perfect--for I am far from admitting that he who contemplates existence through the medium of ideas, sees them only "through a glass darkly," any more than he who sees them in their working and effects.”
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“Such as thy words are such will thine affections be esteemed and such as thine affections will be thy deeds and such as thy deeds will be thy life ...”
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“My friend...care for your psyche...know thyself, for once we know ourselves, we may learn how to care for ourselves" -Socrates”
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“الرفاهية و الأبهة تلك هي السعادة في نظرك . أما أنا فإني أعتقد أنه إذا كان من خصائص الإله أنه لا يحتاج إلى شيء، فإن مما يقرب من الألوهية أن لا يحتاج الإنسان إلا إلى قليل . و بما أنه لا أكمل من الله فإن القرب منه قرب من الكمال”
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“wealth does not bring goodness, but goodness brings wealth and every other blessing, both to the individual and to the state”
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“Wisdom begins in wonder.”
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“Kehidupan yang tak dipikirkan adalah kehidupan yang tak pantas untuk dijalani”
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“True knowledge exists in knowing that you know nothing.”
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“My advice to you is get married: if you find a good wife you'll be happy; if not, you'll become a philosopher.”
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“Sometimes you put walls up not to keep people out, but to see who cares enough to break them down.”
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“The answer I gave myself and the oracle was that it was to my advantage to be as I am.”
Socrates
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“To know thyself is the beginning of wisdom.”
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“One thing only I know, and that is that I know nothing.”
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