“Spinoza spoke of vitality as the purest virtue, the only virtue. The drive to persist, to flourish, he said, is the absolute quality shared by all living beings. What happens, however, when vitality is inverted, and instead of flourishing, one is driven to eat oneself alive?”

“If being alive is not a virtue, then there is little virtue in virtue.”

“What happens when an animal or person dies? Something seems to have departed--something like a vital spark that makes the difference between life and death. In the nineteenth century, philosophers believed that there really was such a thing and called it the élan vital, or vital spirit. But when twentieth century science began to unravel the mysteries of how living things work and reproduce, the idea was abandoned and people now accept that there is nothing more to being alive than complex, interrelated, biological functions.”

“Persistence is the virtue by which all other virtues bear fruit.”

“Vitality shows not only in the ability to persist, but in the ability to start over.”

“Creative power flourishes only when I am living in the present.”